Adam Nilsson
Theoretical calculations for competitive binding of site-specific-mers: Joint theory-experimental study of nanochannel-based optical DNA maps
Master Thesis in Theoretical Physics
Abstract:
A new experimental method in our collaborators labs provides a
coarse-grained map of the DNA sequence of a microorganism
using two substances netropsin and YOYO-1. Netropsin binds
differently to different base pair regions and YOYO-1 is
nonselective to base pairs regions but fluorescent. Together
in a solution they will compete for binding to the DNA and
will provide a barcode pattern that is representative of the
DNA sequence of the molecule studied. In this thesis
theoretical barcodes are calculated using the transfer matrix
approach to be able to strengthen the theory behind the
experiment and in the future be able to create a vast database
of theoretical barcodes for DNA sequences from known
microorganisms. If an experiment is performed on DNA from an
unknown microorganism this database could be used to determine
the microorganism by comparing the experimental and
theoretical barcodes. The experiments results in kymographs
(time-frames of fluorescent images of DNA stretched using
nanochannels) that are aligned using a method adapted from
"Denaturation mapping of Saccharomyces cerevisiae" pages
3314-3321, Lab Chip, Walter W. Reisner, to take care of
center of mass and conformational fluctuations of the DNA
between frames in the kymograph so that the frames can be
averaged in a good way. A new two-dimensional dynamic time
warping was developed by the author to allow the theoretical
barcode to account for the fluctuations in the experimental
barcode. An information measure was also developed that is
higher the more peaks and valleys there are a in a barcode and
the more separated these peaks and valleys are in intensity
compared to the noise of the barcode. A graphical
Java-program was developed to help the experimentalists get
the most out of their experiments and to be able to compare
the experimental and theoretical barcodes.
LU TP 12-XX